What is the purpose of a ground connection in electrical systems?

The purpose of a ground connection in electrical systems is primarily to ensure safety. Grounding provides a path for electrical current to flow safely to the earth during a fault, such as a short circuit or equipment failure. This helps to prevent electric shock to individuals who may come into contact with electrical equipment, as it minimizes the risk of dangerous voltage levels being present on equipment enclosures or other conductive surfaces.

Additionally, a proper ground connection helps protect equipment by dissipating voltage surges, such as those caused by lightning strikes or transient voltage spikes, thereby preserving the integrity of the electrical system. By grounding, the system can help maintain a safe operational environment for both personnel and equipment.

While enhancing circuit efficiency, preventing overloads, and increasing power factor could be important aspects of electrical systems, they do not directly relate to the fundamental and critical role of grounding in ensuring safety.