What is the opposition to current flow in an electric circuit caused by changes in voltage or current called?

The correct terminology for the opposition to current flow in an electric circuit caused by changes in voltage or current is reactance. Reactance specifically refers to the opposition that inductors and capacitors provide in an alternating current (AC) circuit. Unlike resistance, which is consistent regardless of frequency, reactance varies with the frequency of the AC signal.

This aspect of reactance is important because it determines how much the circuit resists changes in current due to the capacitive or inductive properties of the components involved. In an alternating current system, reactance and resistance together constitute what is known in more comprehensive terms as impedance.

While other choice terms may describe specific forms of opposition to current flow, reactance is uniquely associated with the dynamic behavior of components in AC circuits. Understanding this distinction helps in analyzing and designing circuits that involve varying voltages and currents.